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Obesity and Comorbidities
Waist Circumference
Waist circumference measurement is particularly useful in adults who are categorized as normal or overweight. In individuals with BMIs ≥35 kg/m2, however, waist circumference measurement adds little to the predictive power of BMI calculation.6
Increased Risk of Comorbidities6:
- Men: waist circumference* > 40 inches
- Women: waist circumference > 35 inches
* Waist circumference is measured by wrapping a tape measure in a horizontal plane around the abdomen at the level of the iliac crest.6
Increased waist circumference is often a sign of intra-abdominal adiposity, which may lead to higher risk than subcutaneous fat. Intra-abdominal fat increases glucose production, leading to an excess in insulin levels which may lead to diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, unhealthy cholesterol levels, and heart disease.6,9
Obesity & Comorbidities References:
1. Mathus-Vliegen EM, Tytgat GN. Intragastric balloon for treatment-resistant obesity: safety, tolerance, and efficacy of 1-year balloon treatment followed by a 1-year balloon-free follow-up. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005;61:19-27 9.2. World Health Organisation. Factsheet No 311, Overweight and Obesity, September 2006. Accessable at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/index.html
3. Fried M, Hainer V, Basdevant A et al. Inter-disciplinary European guidelines on surgery of severe obesity. International Journal of Obesity 2007; 31: 569-577
4. Buchwald H. Consensus Conference Statement. Bariatric surgery for morbid obesity: Health implications for patients, health professionals, and third-party payers. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases 2005; 1: 371-381
5. Lau DCW for the Obesity Canada Clinical Practice Guidelines Steering Committee and Expert Panel. Synopsis of the 2006 Canadian clinical practice guidelines on the management and prevention of obesity in adults and children. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2007; 176; 1103-1106
6. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Web site. The practical guide: identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. Available at: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/obesity/prctgd_c.pdf. Accessed March 29, 2007.
7. Dixon JB, O’Brien PE. Health outcomes of severely obese type 2 diabetic subjects 1 year after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:2:358-363.
8. Obesity in the U.S. American Obesity Assocation. http://www.obesity.org/subs/fastfacts/obesity_US.shtml.
9. Sugerman HJ. The pathophysiology of severe obesity and the effects of surgically induced weight loss. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2005;109-119.